<abstract><title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>The rising number of scandals leading to the closure of many large companies is worrisome. The traditional belief is that business and ethics are oxymorons and one is not expected to be totally virtuous during business operations. Nonetheless, this does not mean ethical standards should be side-lined. Professional associations such as the Chartered Financial Institute (CFA) uphold moral values and urge members to exercise high moral standards and diligence in their duties. Philosophically, major accounting scandals could have been nipped in the bud by whistle blowing before the wrong deeds escalated. However whistle blowing is a major issue and is viewed as disloyalty. In this paper, the dilemmas of whistle blowing are evaluated using contemporary ethical theories which are: egoism, deontology and utilitarianism. The analysis shows that deontology and utilitarianism are based on altruism and may support whistle blowing because they are grounded on consideration of other people. It is worth noting that morally upright adults are often a result of being brought up as ethical children from a psychological standpoint.</abstract>

Whistle Blowing: What Do Contemporary Ethical Theories Say?

<abstract><title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>The purpose of the present study is to examine the long run and the short run relationship between stock price and a set of macroeconomic variables for Indian economy using annual data from 1979 to 2014. The long run relationship is examined by implementing the ARDL bounds testing approach to co-integration. VECM method is used to test the short and long run causality and variance decomposition is used to predict long run exogenous shocks of the variables. The results confirm a long run relationship among the variables. Evidence suggests that Economic growth, inflation and exchange rate influence stock prices positively. However, crude oil price influences the stock price negatively. This implies that the increase in oil price induces inflationary expectation in the mind of investors and hence stock prices are adversely affected. The VECM result indicates that short run and long run unidirectional causality running from economic growth and FDI to stock prices in India. The result of the variance decomposition shows that stock market development in India is mostly explained by its own shocks. The Government can take steps to control the crude oil price in India and Investors’ confidence has to be gained by boosting the economic growth of the economy through appropriate policy tools.</abstract>

The Impact of Macroeconomic Indicators on Indian Stock Prices: An Empirical Analysis

<abstract><title style='display:none'>Abstract</title> This study investigated the relationship of political instability with the stock prices. Results of the study indicated the negative relationship of stock prices with political instability. Moreover, results of suggested that instable political system ultimately leads decline in stock prices. Inflation has shown negative relationship with stock prices whereas, industrial production and Exports have positive relationship with stock prices.</abstract>

Relationship Among Political Instability, Stock Market Returns and Stock Market Volatility

<abstract><title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>Although approaches to manage change dated back to as early as human history, managing effective change is still the topic of today’s debates. One of the undeniable facts about this is that change per se keeps changing, and so does its management methodology. While this fact comes, on the one hand, to validate the reason why none of the early theories stands relevant across time, it, on the other hand, proofs that change methodology is certainly fluid, giving no room for an approach to really last. An effective change is achievable [not] by a prescription, but by a thorough consolidation of the various aspects relevant to change. This paper aims therefore at identifying those [managerial] aspects of change, in hope that they could be used to construct a common base to deal with change. To that end, relevant change management hypotheses, approaches, theories dated back to the 50s are taken for thorough reviews. Results from this digest confirm that to manage change, one must factor in change type, change process, and change elements, and yet, to manage it effectively, one must go further to ensure that all the above factors work well together as they are all symbiotically related.</abstract>

Conceptualizing a Framework: A Critical Review of the Development of Change Management Theories

<abstract><title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>The purpose of this paper is to identify and explore the content of Logistics and Supply Chain Management, and to find the connections and the differentials factors that are between the two areas. The study is based on literature review and wants to find the core subjects and the differentials between the two areas, in order to a better and comprehensive understanding of these topics.</abstract>

Logistics and Supply Chain Management: An Overview

<abstract><title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>The Research mainly focus on the business of espionage, it should be done but must adhere to ethical standards to be able to increase the efficiency of products, lower costs, accelerate business growth. Meanwhile it has been feared able to cause social problems as in theft, causing casualties and harm to the company personnel as well as other individuals. Several strategies have been found to prevent business espionage happening within the business enterprise. The study was conducted through a research library.</abstract>

Strategic Business Espionage: An Ethics and Business Practices to Gain Opportunity or Community Problems

<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
Energy plays a vital role in every aspect of the economy and in recent years renewable energy is highly debated for its pros and cons. While renewable energy consumption is important for sustainable growth and reduction of environmental damage it has some negative effects on the industrial production. The aim of the study is to examine the relationship between renewable energy consumption, financial development and industrial output for Turkey. Annual data between 1980 and 2019 were used in the study. Fractional Fourier Augmented Dickey-Fuller Unit Root Test and the Fourier Autoregressive Distributed Lag Bound Tests were used to analyze the relationship between variables. As a result of the study, a positive relationship was found between financial development and renewable energy consumption, while a negative relationship was found between industrial output and renewable energy consumption. Our empirical findings have important policy implications. According to these policy implications, the focus should be on a green-based economy with various subsidies, selective taxation procedures and incentive policies to increase the demand for renewable energy use.
</abstract>

Financial Development, Renewable Energy Consumption and Industrial Output Relation: Testing Fourier ARDL for Turkey

<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
Data and debates about the role of women in the digital world are gaining increasing importance in the study of gender and the digital economy. This paper explores the complex relationship of the role of women in the digital economy over the last two decades. The analysis used a review of the literature of scientific works and documents of official international institutions. All available sources indicate progress in recent years, but challenges remain. Several samples were created, and quantitative analysis assessed trends over time. The general conclusions suggest that the role of women in the digital economy is increasingly pronounced and significant. The results of the study confirm global expectations that promote the role of women in the digital economy (glass ceilings), where women work in key positions (women on boards) and participate in decision-making (glass cliffs). The regression econometric model shows that the role of women in the digital economy is increasingly important to recognize women who use Internet networks to a greater extent (business, social), those with above basic overall digital skills, as well as ICT experts. The paper ends with a list of potential recommendations for the modern framework of the digital economy.
</abstract>

Are Women Recognized in the Digital Economy? Experiences of Developed Economies

<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
Tourism represents one of the sectors with the highest growth, and the upward trend of evolution implies the anticipation and adaptation to the changes in travel behavior. Currently, young travelers represent an important segment of the global tourism market. Generation Z decision-making processes are influenced both by the specific characteristics of the generation and by their travel habits. The travel motivations of the first generation born in the age of technology include socializing, acquiring unique experiences along with eco-friendly vacation options. During a trip, Generation Z visits museums, attends cultural or sports events and documents their choices by following travel influencers or social media posts. In these conditions, the paper aims to analyze the characteristics of the generation Z travel behavior and their perception of the future of travel. To achieve this objective, there will be a theoretical approach of generation Z coupled with secondary data analyses that will highlight the way young travelers organize their vacation.
</abstract>

Exploring the Generation Z Travel Trends and Behavior

<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
Bitcoin and Ethereum are the two largest cryptocurrencies in the world by market capitalization and trading volume and the most popular despite high price fluctuations. This paper analyzes the relationship between Bitcoin and Ethereum metrics and the internet search interest on cryptocurrencies. As the literature shows, Google searches signal investor attention and Google Trends has proven useful for nowcasting economic and financial indicators. We aim to find the impact of Google Trends on Bitcoin and Ethereum prices, trading volumes and market capitalization since 2015 and discuss the potential correlations and patterns that may exist between these metrics and Google search interest. Through correlation and time-series analysis, we provide insights into the dynamics of this relationship and its implications for understanding cryptocurrency market behavior. The interest in cryptocurrencies tracked by Google Trends is a good indicator of measuring the social interest in the cryptocurrency market that drives a price movement. On the other hand, the price fluctuations of Bitcoin and Ethereum generate media and social attention and increase the interest in these cryptocurrencies. We also observe a positive effect of Google Trends values on trading volumes. The findings could help investors to understand the cryptocurrencies dynamics and build their trading strategies and could be of special interest to policymakers.
</abstract>

Exploring the Relationship Between Google Trends and Cryptocurrency Metrics

<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
Green (environmental) marketing, which promotes cleaner, less detrimental products, is considered to be one of the main contributors to sustainable production and consumption. With the latest EU policy initiatives aimed at acceleration of green transition, it deserves even more attention while the concept of environmental goods and services still remains a subject for discussion, and both comparative environmental impact of some of such products and the green demand probably are overestimated. The studies offer an approach to the theoretical concept of environmental goods and services providing the integrated vision through the prism of the ecological economics, national accounting, and marketing with the initial point of green (environmental) needs. To understand full potential of marketing for environmental sustainability, which is of growing importance, the studies address the sole purpose environmental products also as those which are beyond the green marketing efforts, but playing the equally important role. Production of environmental goods and services by the EU economy is analysed with special attention to groups of products by their primary purpose, and conclusions are drawn regarding the sustainability potential of different fields of marketing.
</abstract>

Environmental Goods and Services: Developments of the Concept, the Economic Sector, and the Markets

<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
This paper investigates the sensitivities of Singapore’s sectoral industrial production to local and global business cycle variations using the auto-regressive distributed lag (ARDL) model in the nonlinear and asymmetric cointegration framework. By employing monthly time series data from Jan 1983 to Dec 2022 the study corroborates the commonly held view that durable industries are pro-cyclic to thelocal business cycle. However, the nature of cyclic sensitivity is different if viewed from a global perspective. Industries including pharmaceutical, computer, and motor vehicles industries flourish in both the local and global business cycle booms. Almost all industries having long-run linkages with global industrial production are also affected by global production growth in the short run. However, consistent with earlier studies for Southeast Asian countries, very few industries exhibit short-run asymmetries in their relationship with local and global business cycles. We found that incorporating long-run information also improves the forecasting ability of sectoral industrial production growth in Singapore.
</abstract>

Asymmetric Effects of Local and Global Business Cycle Variations on the Sectoral Industrial Production in Singapore

<abstract><title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>Over the past decades, the focus of the scientists has shifted towards the area of organizational change. The concept has been approached from several perspectives and studied by numerous disciplines and refers to a shift or transformation of an organization, of several components of the organization or of the processes that lie within. Being in an environment characterized by competitiveness and complexity, organizations are under a constant need of change, of progress, while the aim of each change is to improve the aspects that make this happen. The dynamics of the labour force market has contributed to the creation of an environment in which organizations are permanently facing the need to implement various changes regarding their strategy, structure, processes or culture. Henceforth, the factors that can alter the implementation of change benefit from an increased focus. Understanding the reason for which some employees can resist change can have major financial implications for the organization. When considering the human resources involved in the change, nothing seems simple; most of the times things are not as they should be, and most of the employees experience a resistance to change, sometimes in the form of change-specific cynicism, a notion defined as the belief of employees that the organization in which they work lacks integrity. This paper represents the cultural adaptation of Change-Specific Cynicism Scale (a scale proposed by <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="j_sbe-2016-0034_ref_016_w2aab2b8b7b1b7b1ab1ac16Aa">David J. Stanley in 1998</xref>, validated on the Canadian population), to the specifics of the Romanian population and supplies a method of evaluating change-specific cynicism for the specialized literature. Statistic results have shown that the Change-Specific Cynicism Scale has a high level of internal consistency (α=0,84) and can be used exclusively for equivalent populations. Moreover, this paper aims to approach the term organizational cynicism and its role in the context of organizational change.</abstract>

Change, Resistance to Change and Organizational Cynicism

<abstract><title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>Nowadays, different levels of stress and nervousness can be found in organizations. Owing to the fact that employees spend most of their time in organizations, stress may affect the health of employees. Hence, study of stress and the factors that make stress can be a viable decision in that by eliminating these factors organizations can have healthier employees. This study is a correlation study which aims to determine the possible relationship between toxic leadership and job stress. Data collection tools including two standard questionnaires were used. The questionnaire adopted from toxic leadership (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="j_sbe-2016-0037_ref_016_w2aab2b8b8b1b7b1ab1ac16Aa">Schmidt and Hanges 2009</xref>) to measure the toxic leadership in organizations and the NIOSH Generic Job Stress Questionnaire (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="j_sbe-2016-0037_ref_008_w2aab2b8b8b1b7b1ab1ab8Aa">Hurrell and McLaney 1988</xref>) to measure the job stress. In order to analyze the data SPSS software was used. Results show that there is a significant direct relationship between toxic leadership and the job stress of employees. In other words, the more toxic leadership perceived by employees, the more job stress they feel.</abstract>

University of Applied Science and Technology, Zar center, Karaj,

University of Tehran, Psychology Department, Tehran,

Relationship between Toxic Leadership and Job Stress of Knowledge Workers

<abstract><title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>Regarding the link between economic growth and it’s public outcomes, this paper studies the effect of economic growth on life expectancy in Iran during 1966-2013. To achieve the research objectives, annually data collected from World Bank Database and I used the life expectancy at birth and annually GDP growth rate to measure the research variables. Then I applied Vector Error Correction Model to estimate the proposed model. The results on this study show that economic growth has a positively significant effect on life expectancy in Iran during the observation period.</abstract>

Economic Growth and Life Expectancy: The Case of Iran

<abstract><title style='display:none'>Abstract</title> This study aims to determine how CSR activities of banks in Mauritius impact on customers’ satisfaction and loyalty towards banks. A stakeholder approach to CSR and Carroll’s (1991) four part definition was adopted, which included economic, legal, ethical and philanthropic corporate social responsibilities. A three- section questionnaire was used for data collection. 384 questionnaires were distributed, out of which 352 were returned. The results indicate that philanthropic CSR, economic CSR and ethical CSR, in their order of descending importance, are significant predictors of customer satisfaction and loyalty. The study shows that legal responsibilities however did not influence customer satisfaction and loyalty. The study concludes that philanthropic, economic and ethical CSR could be areas to further investigate with a view to benefit from competitive advantage in the banking sector. The study purports to contribute to existing literature by providing evidence that Carroll’s model may not be applicable in non-western context, more particularly so, in small economies. The study also advocates future research avenues.</abstract>

Do CSR Practices Of Banks In Mauritius Lead To Satisfaction And Loyalty?

<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
This study focused on to examine whether the implementation of Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) in a Peruvian education enterprise impacts on process management of enterprise which in turn enhance the performance of employees. Also, it is analyzed the impact of technology literacy on process management. Empirical data were collected using a survey questionnaire which was distributed to 142 ERP users in a Peruvian education enterprise to test the relationships among variables. Using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) was analyzed the validity of construct and discriminant and, internal consistency by the composite reliability. ERP implementation has a positive impact in the performance of employees. The process management had a mediation effect between ERP implementation and performance. Also, technology literacy had an impact on performance. Outcomes provide further support for the validity of the model in Peru and globally. Thus, business owner/managers can use the model to help improve their options of success. Other stakeholders, investors and institutions that provide them with investment can also benefit from this model. The information also provides information to ERP implementation agents to support small business development. This is the first study reports the mediating effect of business strategy and organizational capabilities on the relationship between ERP implementation and firm performance. The outcomes of this study can be used to evaluate success of the ERP implementation evaluating preliminary the basic level of technology literacy.
</abstract>

Impact of Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) Implementation on Performance of an Education Enterprise: A Structural Equation Modeling (SEM)

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