<abstract><title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>Sepsis is an overwhelming reaction to infection that comes with high morbidity and mortality, which requires urgent interventions in order to improve outcomes.<italic>Surviving Sepsis</italic> is an international campaign that aims to improve sepsis outcomes. The 2016 guideline modifies the previous definition of sepsis and proposes some specific diagnostic and therapeutic measures, such as the protocolized use of fluid resuscitation and antibiotics.We aim to summarize the main recommendations of the 2016 guideline that are relevant to the internist and evidence-base update them to the year 2020. In the current context, this review doesn’t address patients affected by SARS-COV2 induced disease.</abstract>

Sepsis, a 2020 review for the internist

<abstract><title style='display:none'>Abstract</title><bold>Introduction</bold>. In forensic pathology the autolytic process has been observed and documented in order to determine the postmortem interval as accurately as possible. The observation and experiments have been carried out on cadavers exposed to environmental conditions – heat, humidity, air currents, soil, water.<bold>Methods</bold>. For this study hematoxylin and eosin (HE) stained sections of organ samples from 30 autopsied bodies were examined under the microscope. Modifications of tissue and cell structures were noted in correlation with the bodies’ time spent in the Morgue’s mortuary refrigerator until the autopsy was performed, which varied between 24 hours and 22 days.<bold>Results</bold>. All the organs sampled (lung, heart, liver and pancreas) showed severe autolytic alterations after 5 to 8 days. The most heavily affected was the pancreas, cells within Langherhans islets becoming complete autolyzed at the 36 hours mark. Inside organs, autolytic processes occur at different rates depending on the locations within that organ –deeply or superficial; in the heart after 4 or more days subendocardic myocardium shows less severe autolytic changes than the subepicardial one.<bold>Conclusion</bold>. Autolytic processes have a delayed onset and a much lower progression rate in a cold controlled environment. Different organs suffer different rates of autolysis in correlation to their structure and enzymatic content.</abstract>

County Forensic Pathology Department Giurgiu, 5-7Alexandriei 5-7 Bvd, Giurgiu, Romania

Pathology Department of “Colentina” Clinical Hospital, 19-21 Ştefan cel Mare Bvd, Bucharest, Romania

UMF “Carol Davila”, School of Medicine, Eroii Sanitari Bvd, Bucharest, Romania

Correlations Between the Autolytic Changes and Postmortem Interval in Refrigerated Cadavers

<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
Nailfold capillaroscopy (NFC) is now one of the main imaging tools in systemic sclerosis and imposed over time as an easy, non-invasive method for the nailfold microvascular bed assessment.
In qualitative NFC normal pattern is characterized by homogeneous, parallel fashion arrangement of the last capillaries row as well as by capillaries with hairpin or non-specific variations like tortuous and/ or crossing shape.
Nailfold capillaroscopy is strongly recommended for evaluation of all patients with Raynaud phenomenon. Appearance of giant capillaries is chronologically the first relevant finding for scleroderma spectrum disorders development (systemic sclerosis, dermatomyositis, undifferentiated and mixed connective tissue disease). Collapses of the giant loops generate microhemorrhages and further capillary loss with subsequent hypoxia, and neoangiogenesis seen as ramified/ bushy capillaries. Nailfold capillaroscopy is indicated especially in systemic sclerosis, being also included in the classification criteria.
Based on these major NFC pathologic findings (giant capillaries, microhemorrhages, avascularity and neoangiogenesis), three evolutive stages were described in systemic sclerosis, namely the early, active, and late scleroderma pattern.
In other connective tissue diseases than those scleroderma-related, like systemic lupus erythematosus, psoriatic arthritis, or antiphospholipid syndrome, the interest for capillaroscopy is growing, but the attempts of defining specific characteristics failed until now.
Besides qualitative NFC, semiquantitative and quantitative capillaroscopic assessments were proposed for more accurate evaluation. Lately, automated systems are under development. There is still need of more studies to sustain the nailfold capillaroscopy validity as diagnostic and prognostic test.
</abstract>

Nailfold capillaroscopy in systemic diseases: short overview for internal medicine

<abstract><title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>Patients with chronic liver disease have associated comorbidities that require treatment, including cardiovascular disease, arrhythmias, cerebrovascular accidents and pain. These medications may affect the liver disease. Due to the complexity of medical problems in patients with chronic liver disease, treating clinicians benefit from targeted guidance for their care.</abstract>

Use of statins, amiodarone, direct oral anticoagulants and NSAIDs in chronic liver disease: a guide for general clinicians

<abstract><title style='display:none'>Abstract</title><bold>Background.</bold> We sought to evaluate the clinical impacts of the early administration of trophic doses of a glutamine/arginine enriched enteral nutrition formula (ENF) with a high protein density to cachectic hypoalbuminemic hospitalized patients intolerant to enteral nutrition.<bold>Methods.</bold> A retrospective analysis was conducted using the nutritional and non-nutritional data of patients admitted to our institution from April 2017 through August 2019. Patients who died or were discharged before completing ≥1 weeks of hospital admission, or those whose data could not be obtained were excluded. Among other variables, percent changes in serum albumin levels (%∆ALB), C – reactive protein (CRP) and their ratios were expressed as Mean ± SD using the Independent Samples T-test, while categorical variables were expressed as numbers with percentages by using χ2 test. Two tested groups were determined based on the use of ENF: Group I received trophic doses of ENF, while Group II received no enteral nutrition.<bold>Results.</bold> The overall hospital length of stay (LOS) and overall 28-day hospital mortality were significantly lower in Group I when compared with Group II with Means ± SDs of (11.32 ± 2.19 days vs 23.49 ± 4.33 days) and (13.13% vs. 28.16%), respectively. Also, significantly higher (%∆ALB) for Group I compared with group II (43.48% ± 7.89% vs. 33.45% ± 6.18%), respectively was observed.<bold>Conclusion.</bold> In malnourished hypoalbuminemic patients suffering from feeding intolerance, early trophic administration of glutamine/arginine enriched high protein density ENF was well tolerated and may be associated with increased plasma albumin levels, reduced LOS, and overall 28-day mortality, and hence may be considered in such patients.</abstract>

The clinical impacts of early using glutamine/arginine enriched high protein density formula at trophic dose in intolerant enteral nutrition cachectic hypoalbuminemic hospitalized patients

<abstract><title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>Hepatic fibrogenesis is the final result of injury to the liver. Fibrosis could lead to hepatic dysfunction, important in the pathogenesis of other chronic problems. Therefore, understanding the mechanism, accurate diagnosis and staging of it in early stages accelerates the treatment and reduces the prevalence of chirrosis. Treatment strategies of liver problems and detction methods depend on the amount and progression of liver fibrosis and the rate of cirrhosis development. Traditionally the invasive method, liver biopsy, is reference standard to follow progression and stage of fibrosis. However, during the past decade, progressive development of novel non-invasive methodologies has challenged the invasive method. Non-invasive methods have been initially introduced for chronic hepatitis C with increasing use in other chronic liver diseases. The need for liver biopsy has nowadays decreased significantly as a result of these methodologies. Most of the new non-invasive methods depend on either ‘biological’ or ‘physical’ approaches.In this review, starting from the mechanism of fibrogenesis, the current knowledge about diagnosis, treatment strategies and different methods for its evaluation is discussed. This is followed by a conclusion on what is expected to be known in this field during the future research.</abstract>

Liver Fibrosis: Causes and Methods of Assessment, A Review

<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
<bold>Introduction</bold>: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading global cause of cancer-related deaths. Thermal ablation techniques, especially radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and microwave ablation (MWA), have become pivotal treatments for HCC. This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to compare these modalities, highlighting their efficacy, strengths, and limitations in treating HCC.
<bold>Methods</bold>: A comprehensive literature search was conducted across major databases (PubMed, MEDLINE, Springer, ProQuest, EBSCOhost, Cochrane, and EMBASE) targeting studies on hepatocellular carcinoma with RFA and MWA. Heterogeneity analyses and pooled outcomes using random-effect models with were evaluated to compare both thermal ablation methods.
<bold>Results</bold>: Nine studies, which consists of 368 patients underwent RFA and 387 patients underwent MWA, were included in review. The findings showed no significant differences in pooled analysis of volume of ablation, complete ablation rate, local tumor progression, survival rates, major complications, and adverse events. Subgroup analysis showed significantly higher risk of local tumor progression in RFA in African populations.
<bold>Conclusion</bold>: No statistically significant difference was seen between outcomes across studies. MWA may offer a potential for longer therapeutic response with comparable risk of complications and adverse outcomes.
</abstract>

Comparative Efficacy of Microwave versus Radiofrequency Ablation in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized-Controlled Trials

<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
<sec><title style='display:none'>Introduction</title>
Colonoscopy is regarded as a safe diagnostic and therapeutic procedure, nevertheless, some patients may still encounter post-colonoscopy gastrointestinal symptoms. This study aimed to evaluate the utilization of probiotics before and after colonoscopy to relieve those symptoms.
</sec>
<sec><title style='display:none'>Methodology</title>
This study was conducted using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) 2020 guidelines. Included studies were all interventional studies examining the effects of probiotics use before and after colonoscopy. Articles were retrieved from MEDLINE, EBSCO-Host, Cochrane, ProQuest, and Google Scholar electronic databases, utilized specific keywords <italic>(</italic><italic>“</italic><italic>Probiotic</italic><italic>” OR “</italic><italic>Probiotics</italic><italic>”</italic>) <italic>AND</italic> (<italic>“</italic><italic>Colonoscopy</italic><italic>” OR “</italic><italic>Colonoscopies</italic><italic>”</italic>). The Cochrane Risk of Bias (RoB) 2 and Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Critical Appraisal tools were used for study quality assessment, as well as Review Manager (RevMan) 5.4 to perform the meta-analysis.
</sec>
<sec><title style='display:none'>Results</title>
A total of ten studies were included in this systematic review. Six studies assessed the effect of probiotics consumption after colonoscopy, three examined the impact before colonoscopy, and one study assessed both. The most common type of probiotics used were <italic>Lactobacillus</italic> and <italic>Bifidobacterium</italic>. Quantitative synthesis of probiotics before colonoscopy showed no significant differences among bloating, abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting symptoms (p=0.49, p=0.14, p=0.30, and p=0.42, respectively). Similarly, quantitative synthesis of probiotics after colonoscopy showed no significant differences in bloating and abdominal pain (p=0.16 and p=0.63, respectively).
</sec>
<sec><title style='display:none'>Conclusions</title>
Probiotic administration pre- and post-colonoscopy exhibited preliminary evidence for reducing gastrointestinal symptoms, but a quantitative synthesis revealed non-significant findings, necessitating further investigations.
</sec>
</abstract>

Utilization of Probiotics in Relieving Post-Colonoscopy Gastrointestinal Symptoms: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
<sec><title style='display:none'>Introduction</title>
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is no longer considered a contraindication for kidney transplantation (KT). KT management in HIV patients is a complex process with challenges, such as drug interactions between immunosuppression and antiretroviral (ARV) therapy. In our country, no KT has been performed thus far in this category of patients.
</sec>
<sec><title style='display:none'>Case presentation</title>
We present the case of a 29-year-old female patient with HIV and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) who performed a KT from a related living donor in March 2022. KT immediate evolution was favorable. No transplant-related complications were reported. HIV viral load remained undetectable and CD4+ T cells were constantly &gt; 500 cell/ μL, during the 18 months of follow-up. The main challenge in our case was the drug interaction between the protease inhibitor-based regimen and tacrolimus. This led to tacrolimus overdose, and, subsequently, change in ARV therapy. ARV switching was performed on a regimen based on integrase inhibitor and nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors. After the ARV change, the therapeutic level of tacrolimus was easily reached and maintained. Kidney graft function remained normal during follow-up, despite tacrolimus overexposure, and no rejection or anti-HLA antibodies were observed. Another challenge was related to the donor's hepatitis C virus status (positive antibodies, negative nucleic acid test). The recipient did not develop seroconversion or detectable viremia at 3-, 6-, 12- and 18-months post-KT.
</sec>
<sec><title style='display:none'>Conclusion</title>
We reported the first case of a successful KT in an ESRD patient with HIV in Romania, in whom the post-transplant evolution was favorable.
</sec>
</abstract>

Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy

HIV and kidney transplantation in Romania: The index case

<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
Eosinophilic Esophagitis is a widely-recognized immune-mediated esophagus disease with distinct clinical and histopathological features, exhibiting an increased global incidence. Therapeutic options encompass either dietary measures or pharmacological approaches, including proton pump inhibitors and topical corticosteroids. The use of monoclonal antibodies is currently under comprehensive evaluation, with a plethora of ongoing clinical trials designed to determine their clinical efficacy. The present case report demonstrates an exceptional case of refractory Eosinophilic Esophagitis, unresponsive to conventional treatment, achieving both clinical and histopathological remission subsequent to initiation of benralizumab treatment. Concurrently, our case underscores the necessity for continued research in the field of monoclonal antibodies for their use as a future treatment approach against Eosinophilic Esophagitis.
</abstract>

Treatment-Refractory Eosinophilic Esophagitis Successfully Managed with benralizumab: A Case Presentation and literature review

<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
Background: Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease and liver fibrosis are intimately linked to insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, obesity, and metabolic syndrome. Transient elastography (TE) and point shear wave elastography (pSWE) were used to measure liver stiffness in patients who met the ultrasound criteria for steatotic liver diseases (SLD). This study compared two methods for estimating liver stiffness in patients with SLD, which in turn correlated with liver fibrosis. Method: Ultrasound B-mode imaging was used to identify SLD. In total, 250 MAFLD patients were recruited. Patient characteristics, laboratory investigations, and liver stiffness measurements using TE and pSWE were assessed on the same day.
Results: In the study, 56.0% of the patients were male, with a mean age of 41.5 ± 10.7 years. The correlation between TE and pSWE was significant (Spearman’s r = 0.867*, p &lt; .001). The Bland-Altman Plot analysis confirmed this, with 97.5% of variations in LSM falling within 95% agreement ranges. Cohen’s κ was used to assess the agreement between TE and pSWE fibrosis stages, showing almost perfect agreement (83.5% kappa agreement) and a strong association between pSWE and TE in the assessment fibrosis stages.
Conclusion: In patients with MAFLD, TE, and SWE are reliable methods for measuring liver stiffness and can be used as non-invasive screening tools for the assessment of fibrosis in SLD.
</abstract>

Comparison of transient elastography and shear wave elastography in patients with MAFLD: A single-center experience

<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
Background: Respiratory allergies mostly allergic rhinitis and asthma represent an important and increasing public health problem and one of the priorities for the European health systems. There is an increasing public concern regarding the persistence and severity of allergic diseases and many difficulties of health systems in providing prompt specialized medical assistance. Our study aims to highlight the main results of the Alliance 4Life project focused on the evaluation of the burden and management of respiratory allergies in primary care from Romania and comparative health-related data from four Central and Eastern European countries.
Method: We developed a questionnaire focused on patients with allergic rhinitis and asthma directly addressed to general practitioner (GP) specialists from Romania who attended the annual national conference in Bucharest.
Results: The main results showed that patients with respiratory allergies are frequently encountered in primary care practice, only a few patients are evaluated by allergists and there is a clear need for education in this field.
Conclusions: This preliminary study confirms that respiratory allergies represent a considerable burden in primary care and the questionnaire may be a useful tool in further studies considering the experience of other healthcare systems. More advanced studies integrating epidemiology with data on air pollution and environmental conditions should be envisaged.
</abstract>

Evaluation of respiratory allergies burden and management in primary care and comparative analysis of health care data from Romania, Poland, Czech Republic and Bulgaria – preliminary study

<abstract><title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>Angiogenesis is a crucial event for tumor growth and it is regulated predominantly by several different growth factors. Vascular endothelial growth factor protein family (VEGF) and its receptors are probably the most important tissue factors responsible for angioblast differentiation and tube formation. VEGF protein family currently comprises several members: VEGF (or VEGF-A), VEGF-B, VEGF-C and VEGF-D, VEGF-F, placental growth factor (PlGF), and their receptors VEGFR-1, VEGFR-2 and VEGFR-3. VEGF is a key angiogenic growth factor and its level of expression is a critical marker for detection of the angiogenic diseases. The potent role of VEGF in tumor angiogenesis has been widely described in the past decade, being expressed in most types of nondigestive and digestive cancers. VEGF family members play an important role in the development of pancreatic cancer (especially VEGF-A, VEGF-C, VEGF-D, VEGFR-1 and VEGFR-2). VEGF-A is the most specific and prominent angiogenic factor among all family members and VEGFR-2 is the most important receptor in evaluating the angiogenesis in pancreatic cancer. Thus, VEGF overexpression may be considered as a diagnostic marker and as a poor prognostic factor of the disease.</abstract>

Gastroenterology Research Center of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Craiova, Romania

Radiology Department, University Hospital, Craiova, Romania

Nijmegen Institute for Infection, Inflammation and Immunity (N4i), Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands

Gastrointestinal Unit, Copenhagen University Hospital Herlev, Denmark

“Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania

Surgery I Department, Floreasca Hospital, Bucharest, Romania

Neurology Department, Neuropsychiatry Hospital, Craiova, Romania

VEGF expression in pancreatic cancer and other malignancies: a review of the literature

<abstract><title style='display:none'>Abstract</title><bold>Background</bold>. Diabetes mellitus is a massive, growing, silent epidemic that has the potential to cripple health services in all parts of the world. Currently, a diagnosis of diabetes is achieved by evaluating plasma glucose levels. Saliva offers some distinctive advantages. Whole saliva can be collected non-invasively and by individuals with limited training. The present study was aimed to estimate and correlate the plasma and salivary glucose levels in diabetic and non diabetic subjects, with special reference to age.<bold>Method</bold>. The study population consisted of three groups: Group 1 consisted of diabetics with BGL&gt;200mg/dl and Group 2 consisted of diabetics with BGL 130-200mg/dl based on their random plasma glucose levels. Group 3 consisted of healthy population as controls with BGL &lt;130 mg/dl. 2 ml of peripheral blood was collected for the estimation of random plasma glucose levels and unstimulated saliva was collected for the estimation of salivary glucose<bold>Results</bold>. The salivary glucose levels were significantly higher in group 1 and group 2 diabetics when compared with controls. The salivary glucose levels show a significant correlation with plasma glucose levels between study populations, suggesting that salivary glucose levels can be used as a monitoring tool for predicting glucose level in diabetic patients.<bold>Conclusion</bold>. The present study found that estimation of salivary glucose levels can be used as a noninvasive, painless technique for the measurement of diabetic status of a patient in a dental set up.</abstract>

Oral Pathology & Microbiology, Forensic Odontology School of Dental Sciences, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences University, Malkapur, Karad-415539, Satara (Dist.), Maharashtra, India

Public Health Dentistry School of Dental Sciences, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences University, Malkapur, Karad-415539, Satara (Dist.), Maharashtra, India

Glucose Level Estimation in Diabetes Mellitus By Saliva: A Bloodless Revolution

<abstract><title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>Inflammatory bowel diseases are chronic afflictions, characterized by active and remission periods. Inflammation is the most common type of response that the human body uses as a defense mechanism against aggressors from the environment. The frequency and degree of inflammation depends on the size of the affected tissues. The gastrointestinal tract is, by far, the most susceptible tissue to inflammatory responses, because of its constant exposure to various antigenic, mutagenic and toxic factors.In inflammatory bowel diseases there is a loss of immune tolerance to intestinal flora that is mediated by various substances, including cytokines. Cytokines represent a key signal in the intestinal immune response. Activated dendritic cells and macrophages secrete cytokines that actively intervene in inflammation regulation, in both Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. After their secretion by antigen presented cells, cytokines activate and differentiate T cells, stirring up the adaptive immune response.Cytokines have an important role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases. The identification of new cytokines, as well as the changing of the pathogenesis paradigms in inflammatory bowel diseases has been done on animal tests and clinical studies. Thus, there is promising evidence basis for future therapy research based on cytokines, and anti-cytokine antibodies.</abstract>

Internal Medicine II and Gastroenterology Clinic, University Hospital Bucharest

Department of Gastroenterology, Fundeni Clinical Institute, Bucharest

“Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest

Cytokines in inflammatory bowel disease

<abstract><title style='display:none'>Abstract</title> Background. Systemic sclerosis (Ssc) is an autoimmune disease characterized by cutaneous and visceral fibrosis and its pathogenesis is incompletely understood. T helper cells are key regulators of the immune response and they seem to be involved in Ssc clinical manifestations. The aim of the study is to determine key cytokines secreted by Th1 (IFN-γ), Th2 (IL-6) and Th17 (IL-17) in Ssc patients and correlate them with specific manifestations of Ssc patients. Material and methods. 35 consecutive Ssc patients and 20 age and sex matched controls were recruited. Serum IL-17, IFN-γ and IL-6 were determined using ELISA method. Results. Serum IL-17 and IL-6 levels were not significantly different in Ssc patients and controls. Serum IFN-γ levels were higher in Ssc patients when compared to controls. Higher serum IFN-γ levels associated with pulmonary hypertension. After adjusting for gender and age, IL-17 levels remained independently associated with some clinical manifestations of Ssc patients (telangiectasia and high activity score of Ssc). Conclusion. Th17 and Th1 cell responses are active in Ssc patients as their cytokines associated with higher disease activity scores and pulmonary manifestations. Th17 and Th1 specific activity and homing within Ssc patients still needs to be defined and determined in order to target them as potential future therapeutic targets in Ssc patients.</abstract>

Clinical Immunology Department, “Colentina” Clinical Hospital, Bucharest , Romania

Clinical Research Unit RECIF (Réseau d’ Epidémiologie Clinique International Francophone), Bucharest, Romania

“Alfred Rusescu” Institute for Mother and Child Protection, Bucharest, Romania

Department of Internal Medicine, “Colentina” Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania

IL-17, IL-6 and IFN-γ in systemic sclerosis patients

<abstract><title style='display:none'>Abstract</title><bold>Diabetic Nephropathy</bold>. In 2014 (according to data published by the World Health Organization) 9% of the global population was affected by Diabetes which was considered to be directly responsible for 1.5 million deaths just two years prior (in 2012). From the entire number of patients suffering from diabetes, approximately a quarter of them develop renal affection. Diabetic nephropathy has similar physiopathology mechanisms and ultrastructural changes in cell injury characteristics in both Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes.<bold>Cell Death</bold>. Cell Death was less studied in the renal diabetic disease, although it could represent an important pathogenic mechanism in the appearance and progression of nephropathy. At renal level the cellular loss can be explained by several mechanisms; different stimuli with cellular lesion potential can trigger apoptosis signaling with appearance of regulatory proteins having a double role (they participate in the initiation of the apoptosis path and cell death or in the ending of this process). The types of Cell Death and their relative proportion between themselves in the renal tissue have not been completely elucidated.<bold>Caspases</bold>. Discovered in the middle of the 1990’s, Caspases are a part of the cysteine proteases family and play a role in numerous aspects of physiology (having a role in development, aging and apoptosis), but also in aspects of physiopathology of several degenerative affections, autoimmune diseases, oncologic diseases – having an important part in apoptosis, necrosis and also inflammation.</abstract>

University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Department of Pathophysiology, Bucharest, Romania

“Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Department of Pathology, Bucharest, Romania

“Colentina” University Hospital, Department of Pathology

Caspases, Cell Death and Diabetic Nephropathy

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Romanian Journal of Internal Medicine

 Romanian Journal of Internal Medicine has been published since 1965, and is devoted to promoting internal medicine and its subspecialties in Romania and...

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 Romanian Journal of Internal Medicine has been published since 1965, and is devoted to promoting internal...