Volumen 8 (2022): Heft 1 (April 2022)

In this paper, the author attempts to identify the most common errors that occur in the interlanguage of students at the Faculty of Food Technology when formulating indirect questions in English language. According to Processability theory (PT), language is acquired in a predictable way, in six stages, the last stage being acquiring word order in subordinate clauses, i.e. cancelling inversion. Since interlanguage presents a dynamic language system that retains some features of the first language or generalizes the second language rules in speech or writing, the origin of errors can be found in mother tongue or in the misapplication of the rules when adopting a second language. Although PT is not concerned with the errors made by the second language learners, this paper will try to identify the origin of errors that appear in the students' interlanguage and the acquisition of the last stage, i.e. the word order in subordinate clauses. In that way, it will be determined whether the errors (inter- or intralingual) made by the students prevent them from acquiring the last stage of PT.

Language as a living thing is the subject of constant adaptations and it evolves in line with the social changes. Every new situation that humanity faces leads to the creation of new words. This paper deals with the terms used in the newspaper to describe all aspects of the coronavirus situation. The idea is to examine which morphological processes have been applied to create these new terms pertaining to coronavirus. The aim is to determine which morphological processes are currently productive in word formation processes. As the analysis has shown, those are the processes of affixation, compounding and blending and some other processes that will be discussed here. The main focus of this analysis is to determine the most productive word formation process in creating words related to coronavirus nowadays. Also, the goal is to represent certain syntactic features of each process involved in creating new words related to coronavirus pandemic in media.

The article explored thorugh the lense of tale poetics, to find out wether there wasan outline of the theory on the poetics of the tale in Albanian historiography or in the literary critical thought of the 80's, based on the structural morphological analysis of V. Propp. The choosen proze was among albanian prose writers of the 80s, such as: V. Koreshi, N. Lera, Z. Çela, N. Prifti, K. Kosta, E. Kadare, S. Spasse etc. The methodology used within the article is based on the qualitative approach of the study, specifically on Propp's structuralist methodology has been used to categorize the functions and characters included within the short prose of the 80sAlbanian authors. The study fundings concluded that the cognition function is seen to have a special feature, both from the frequent use, as well as from the increased drama of the passages when this function occurs within the prose of the 80s literature in Albanian proze. Here we can say that the authors of socialist realism, have inadvertently followed a tradition or are strongly attached to the motive of recognition. Another important element is the transfiguration, which in the classical structure of the tale on which Propp has based his analysis, is totally physical, and for the most part is associated with a good change in the appearance of the hero, such as the removal of rags and wearing new clothes before taking the throne. In the case of the works analyzed in this paper, we have major changes that occur to the characters, both physically and in character development, but these changes occur with causes predetermined by the author, and do not occur for superficial reasons, as this was against the ideology of the time.

Motivated by the absurd tradition in the 1950s, in the following years, Pinter transitioned comedy of menace to the memory plays. With the political drama booming in the 1960s although the playwrights of the period such as John Arden, Arnold Wesker, Edward Bond have written down overtly political plays, Pinter continued to write implicit plays unlike the writers of that time. By the time the political drama was on the decline, with the effect of globalization, Pinter wrote very overtly political plays after the 1980s. As a matter of fact, Pinter revived the New British Theatre with his third period plays such as One for the Road and Mountain Language. Pinter who gained prominence with the latest period plays, has also exceeded the borders of his country; therefore, he referred to the social and political cases he observed in other countries. He addressed several international issues, including the Gulf War, American dominance over other countries, and disempowerment of minority rights. He repudiated the borders pertained at his interviews, even sharply criticised the British politics with courage. Pinter, who was awarded the Nobel Prize, did not hesitate to criticize the policies of England and America with great heart, even in his Nobel speech. Pinter, who handled only British issues in his own country in the early period plays, became the voice of many countries in the latest period plays. Pinter, who never admitted to being a political playwright, was almost always annoyed being tagged, and tried to be the voice of whole world while cutting across all boundaries. This paper discusses Pinter’s domestic sphere in his early phase turns into a universally oppressive space filled with violence, rape, death and surveillance in his late plays. It is seen that the dramatised space in Pinter’s late plays has been widened both literally and figuratively. The image of “room” is superseded by the global cities and foreign countries as the locus of oppression and the centre of political power. His late stage goes beyond the world of the theatre as the paper will reveal that Pinter's political play entitled as Ashes to Ashes cuts across all boundaries.

This study could perhaps be characterized as the art of walking in time, verbally, pictorially and abstractly, i.e. using words, images and thoughts. Of course, the ideal of essayism also includes a scientific dimension. Equally the aim is to make multi-level use of the idea of dialogue. At the same time, the writer is also carrying on a monologue (with himself), an aspect that is called dialogic monologue. After all, the respondent, too, is himself the questioner. Architecture and the essay are reminiscent of each other. The created building and the created word are close relatives. An essayistic study signifies a hermetic state of language. A text’s inner verbal room is constructed from a circle of ideas. Roundness means enclosure: then there is an end at the beginning and a beginning at the end. Yet space is not circumscribed and confined. The actual beginning and end are always located outside the respective verbal room. The spiral of deduction forms a linguistic wisp and whirl that begins and ends as a chronological sequence. The past points forward to the future, and the future looks back to the bygone. The deepening of ideas means passing through several verbal rooms and, during that journey, conclusions will be refined. The Waves of Time, just as the Aaltos of their time, are surges of masterfulness. Glimpses of life mean flashes of Finnishness. They are collective snapshots: excerpts from a shared national story.

In Greater Sekhukhune District Municipality, Limpopo Province in South Africa, learning indigenous music and dance through observation and imitation seems to be a dominant and prominent practice of situational learning. Bapedi people tend to have their own distinctive music genres and purposes for their social events. Bapedi children’s musical arts reveal much about Bapedi people and their way of life. This paper sets out to discuss the transmission process of indigenous music and dance through observation and imitation; and musico-artistic skills acquired by children with at least a partial degree of independence during social and cultural events. In the Bapedi culture, music is a natural phenomenon. Dance too, is not excluded. It is a significant aspect of Bapedi people’s music tradition and a ubiquitous medium of communication or expression. Informal interviews, direct observations and video recordings were employed to collect data. The following research questions therefore guided this study: 1) How is social interaction in the Bapedi society viewed as a critical component of situational learning involving the transmission of children’s musical arts? and 2) Do children in the Bapedi society have the ability to recognize and interpret what musical activity/event is taking place and to participate in ways sensitive to the context? The investigation has revealed that in the Bapedi culture, informal learning of indigenous music and dance; and social processes are indissolubly linked and take place within contexts in which members of the society relate to each other and their environment. The results of this study have further shown that the spectrum of learning experiences can range from accidental, unintentional, or reluctant forms of learning to active, intentional, involved, and highly valued forms of learning. It was concluded that in early childhood, it is play that underlies almost all informal learning and holism is a dominant principle in music and dance enculturation process of Bapedi children’s musical arts.

Musical preferences are an extremely complex phenomenon formed under the influence of many factors. The paper investigates whether there are gender- and age-related differences in the preferences of primary school students from Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina and whether there is a connection between music familiarity and preferences for certain musical excerpts. To examine students’ preferences for musical excerpts, a general data questionnaire and an assessment scale were administered to a sample of 253 participants, including second, third, seventh, and eighth grade primary school students from Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina. The results show gender- and age-related differences in the preferences for classical music, whereby female students, compared to male students, and younger students, compared to older students, show higher preferences for classical music. A significant interaction effect of gender and age on classical music preferences was found. Furthermore, the results show that male and female students do not differ in their preferences for world music, while age-related difference was observed, with younger students, compared to older students, showing greater preferences for this musical style. A significant interaction effect of gender and age on world music preferences was found. Finally, it was confirmed that students show higher preferences for familiar musical excerpts compared to unfamiliar musical excerpts. The obtained results represent a significant contribution to the study of musical preferences from the aspect of music psychology and music pedagogy.

The influence of the Arabic language has permeated into the Malay language. The introduction of Arabic vocabulary into the Malay language resulted in the existence of Malay loanwords derived from Arabic. In addition, the influence of Malay as a mother tongue affects students in mastering Arabic. First language knowledge and experience are often used by students while learning a foreign language. This causes confusion to students in understanding and mastering the structure of Arabic phrases. This is because, the structure of adjective phrases differs between Arabic and Malay. Therefore, this study aims to determine the types of adjective phrases in Arabic and Malay and to study the similarities and differences in both languages based on short stories by Mustafa Lutfi al-Manfaluti and Shahnon Ahmad. The research methodology is through a qualitative approach by document analysis using library research. This study also uses the contrastive analysis approach pioneered by Robert Lado (1957) in his book ‘Lingustic Across Culturse’. This analysis is done systematically by comparing the two languages to determine the similarities and differences in terms of adjective phrases in selected short stories. The findings show that there are similarities and differences of adjective phrases in Arabic and Malay which include elements of single adjective phrases, working phrases as adjective phrases, noun phrases as adjective phrases and conjunctions as adjective phrases.

This paper focuses on the micro-level of language policy and aims to point out the critical role of family language policy (FLP) in language maintenance/shift of minority/heritage home language(s) and childhood bilingualism. FLP could resist broader language ideologies by transforming parents’ language ideologies and attitudes into language practices and language management that support the development of active or additional childhood bilingualism. Through a research into the interdisciplinary components of FLP, this paper aims to illustrate aspects of multilevel and dynamic relationships between each of these core components. An introduction to FLP as a research field is included as well as some of the studies that spotlighted the way parental agency in regard to each of the three FLP components could shape, explicitly or implicitly, language use and planning for the minority/heritage home language(s).

The research we will present aims to further develop a discussion started in the master’s degree research entitled Publishing mediation in scientific communication: a study of two human sciences journals, focusing on a fundamental issue of the current times: the constitution of authorship in scientific communication. In order to investigate that issue, we aim to examine the defining conditions of authorship in the production of scientific papers in different areas of knowledge. Therefore, the corpus is composed by four important journals nationwide, Geousp: espaço e tempo, from the Postgraduate Program in Geography of the FFLCH-USP, Cerâmica Industrial, from the Brazilian Ceramic Association, Cadernos Brasileiros de Terapia Ocupacional, from the Occupational Therapy Department of UFSCar, and Revista do Instituto de Estudos Brasileiros (Rieb), from the Brazilian Studies Institute of USP. Having the French discourse analysis as theoretical framework, we take into account the relationship between the author and other co-enunciators in the editorial genetic rites (Salgado, 2011), also considering the place of the author as a creative paratopy (Maingueneau, 2014). At the event, we will discuss more precisely the current stage of the research, focusing on the methodology of data collection, in which we used interviews with different professionals involved in the publishing of the mentioned journals.