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Effect of body condition score loss during the transition period on metabolism, milk yield and health in Holstein cows

Rui Sun

Rui Sun

College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural UniversityDaqing, China
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Sun, Rui
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Xuejie Jiang

Xuejie Jiang

College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural UniversityDaqing, China
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Jiang, Xuejie
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Yu Hao

Yu Hao

College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural UniversityDaqing, China
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Hao, Yu
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Ying Li

Ying Li

College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural UniversityDaqing, China
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Li, Ying
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Yunlong Bai

Yunlong Bai

College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural UniversityDaqing, China
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Bai, Yunlong
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Cheng Xia

Cheng Xia

College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural UniversityDaqing, China
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Xia, Cheng
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Yuxi Song

Yuxi Song

College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural UniversityDaqing, China
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Song, Yuxi
  
25. Feb. 2025
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Online veröffentlicht: 25. Feb. 2025
Seitenbereich: 91 - 99
Eingereicht: 04. Juni 2024
Akzeptiert: 30. Jan. 2025
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/jvetres-2025-0004
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© 2025 Rui Sun et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Fig. 1.

The change trend of body condition score (BCS) in the high-BCS-loss (H) group (n = 64), lost-BCS (L) group (n = 52) and maintained-BCS (M) group (n = 40) of experimental cows assessed for body condition score (BCS) a, b, c – different letters at the same time point indicate significant differences between groups (P-value < 0.05); T – time effect; G – between-group effect; G × T – inter-group interaction with time; error bars – standard error
The change trend of body condition score (BCS) in the high-BCS-loss (H) group (n = 64), lost-BCS (L) group (n = 52) and maintained-BCS (M) group (n = 40) of experimental cows assessed for body condition score (BCS) a, b, c – different letters at the same time point indicate significant differences between groups (P-value < 0.05); T – time effect; G – between-group effect; G × T – inter-group interaction with time; error bars – standard error

Fig. 2.

Levels of plasma β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB, A), non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA, B), glucose (C) and total cholesterol (TC, D) in the high-BCS-loss (H) group (n = 64), lost-BCS (L) group (n = 52) and maintained-BCS (M) group (n = 40) of experimental cows assessed for body condition score (BCS) a, b, c – different letters at the same time point indicate significant differences between groups (P-value < 0.05); T – time effect; G – between-group effect; G × T – inter-group interaction with time; error bars – standard error
Levels of plasma β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB, A), non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA, B), glucose (C) and total cholesterol (TC, D) in the high-BCS-loss (H) group (n = 64), lost-BCS (L) group (n = 52) and maintained-BCS (M) group (n = 40) of experimental cows assessed for body condition score (BCS) a, b, c – different letters at the same time point indicate significant differences between groups (P-value < 0.05); T – time effect; G – between-group effect; G × T – inter-group interaction with time; error bars – standard error

Fig. 3.

Levels of plasma aspartate aminotransferase (AST, A), total bilirubin (TBIL, B), albumin (C) and urea nitrogen (UN, D) in the high-BCS-loss (H) group (n = 64), lost-BCS (L) group (n = 52), and maintained-BCS (M) group (n = 40) of experimental cows assessed for body condition score (BCS) a, b – different letters at the same time point indicate significant differences between groups (P-value < 0.05); T – time effect; G – between-group effect; G × T – inter-group interaction with time; error bars – standard error
Levels of plasma aspartate aminotransferase (AST, A), total bilirubin (TBIL, B), albumin (C) and urea nitrogen (UN, D) in the high-BCS-loss (H) group (n = 64), lost-BCS (L) group (n = 52), and maintained-BCS (M) group (n = 40) of experimental cows assessed for body condition score (BCS) a, b – different letters at the same time point indicate significant differences between groups (P-value < 0.05); T – time effect; G – between-group effect; G × T – inter-group interaction with time; error bars – standard error

Fig. 4.

Levels of plasma total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC, A) and malondialdehyde (MDA, B) in the high-BCS-loss (H) group (n = 64), lost-BCS (L) group (n = 52), and maintained-BCS (M) group (n = 40) of experimental cows assessed for body condition score (BCS) a, b – different letters at the same time point indicate significant differences between groups (P < 0.05); T – time effect; G – between-group effect; G × T – inter-group interaction with time; error bars – standard error
Levels of plasma total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC, A) and malondialdehyde (MDA, B) in the high-BCS-loss (H) group (n = 64), lost-BCS (L) group (n = 52), and maintained-BCS (M) group (n = 40) of experimental cows assessed for body condition score (BCS) a, b – different letters at the same time point indicate significant differences between groups (P < 0.05); T – time effect; G – between-group effect; G × T – inter-group interaction with time; error bars – standard error

Fig. 5.

Levels of plasma insulin (A) and leptin (B) in the high-BCS-loss (H) group (n = 64), lost-BCS (L) group (n = 52), and maintained-BCS (M) group (n = 40) of experimental cows assessed for body condition score (BCS) a, b – different letters at the same time point indicate significant differences between groups (P-value < 0.05); T – time effect; G – between-group effect; G × T – inter-group interaction with time; error bars – standard error
Levels of plasma insulin (A) and leptin (B) in the high-BCS-loss (H) group (n = 64), lost-BCS (L) group (n = 52), and maintained-BCS (M) group (n = 40) of experimental cows assessed for body condition score (BCS) a, b – different letters at the same time point indicate significant differences between groups (P-value < 0.05); T – time effect; G – between-group effect; G × T – inter-group interaction with time; error bars – standard error

Fig. 6.

Levels of plasma calcium (A), phosphorus (B), magnesium (C), and potassium (D) in the high-BCS-loss (H) group (n = 64), lost-BCS (L) group (n = 52), and maintained-BCS (M) group (n = 40) of experimental cows assessed for body condition score (BCS) T – time effect; G – between-group effect; G × T – inter-group interaction with time; error bars – standard error
Levels of plasma calcium (A), phosphorus (B), magnesium (C), and potassium (D) in the high-BCS-loss (H) group (n = 64), lost-BCS (L) group (n = 52), and maintained-BCS (M) group (n = 40) of experimental cows assessed for body condition score (BCS) T – time effect; G – between-group effect; G × T – inter-group interaction with time; error bars – standard error

Fig. 7.

Trend of daily milk yield in the high-BCS-loss (H) group (n = 64), lost-BCS (L) group (n = 52), and maintained-BCS (M) group (n = 40) of experimental cows assessed for body condition score (BCS) a, b – different letters at the same time point indicate significant differences between groups (P-value < 0.05); T – time effect; G – between-group effect; G × T – inter-group interaction with time; error bars – standard error
Trend of daily milk yield in the high-BCS-loss (H) group (n = 64), lost-BCS (L) group (n = 52), and maintained-BCS (M) group (n = 40) of experimental cows assessed for body condition score (BCS) a, b – different letters at the same time point indicate significant differences between groups (P-value < 0.05); T – time effect; G – between-group effect; G × T – inter-group interaction with time; error bars – standard error

Prevalence of disease in three groups of dairy cows

Condition Percentage affected per group
M (n = 40) L (n = 52) H (n = 64)
Ketosis 12.5 (5/40)a 42.3 (22/52)b 60.93 (39/64)b
Mastitis 15 (6/40)a 17.3 (9/52)a 37.5 (24/64)b
Retained placenta 7.5 (3/40)a 9.62 (5/52)a 34.38 (22/64)b
Milk fever 2.5 (1/40) 3.84 (2/52) 6.25 (4/64)
Displaced abomasum 0a 1.92 (1/52) 14.06 (9/64)b
Metritis 5 (2/40)a 13.46 (7/52) 25 (16/64)b
Lameness 10 (4/40) 15.38 (8/52) 15.63 (10/64)
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