This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Chase C.C., Hurley D.J., Reber A.J.: Neonatal immunedevelopment in the calf and its impact on vaccine response. Vet Clin N Am Food Anim Pract 2008, 24, 87–104, doi:10.1016/j.cvfa.2007.11.001.ChaseC.C.HurleyD.J.ReberA.J.: Neonatal immunedevelopment in the calf and its impact on vaccine response. Vet Clin N Am Food Anim Pract2008, 24, 87–104, doi: 10.1016/j.cvfa.2007.11.001.Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Fuller R.: Probiotics in man and animals. J Appl Bacteriol 1989, 66, 365–378.FullerR.: Probiotics in man and animals. J Appl Bacteriol1989, 66, 365–378.Search in Google Scholar
Gill H.S.: Stimulation of the Immune System by Lactic Cultures. Int Dairy J 1998, 8, 535–544, doi: 10.1016/S0958-6946(98)00074-0.GillH.S.: Stimulation of the Immune System by Lactic Cultures. Int Dairy J1998, 8, 535–544, doi: 10.1016/S0958-6946(98)00074-0.Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Gowans J.L., McGregor D.D., Cowen D.M., Ford C.E.: Initiation of immune responses by small lymphocytes. Nature 1962, 196, 651–655, doi: 10.1038/196651a0.GowansJ.L.McGregorD.D.CowenD.M.FordC.E.: Initiation of immune responses by small lymphocytes. Nature1962, 196, 651–655, doi: 10.1038/196651a0.Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Isikawa H., Konishi T.: Changes in serum immunoglobulin concentrations of young calves. Jpn J Vet Sci 1982, 44, 555–563, doi: 10.1292/jvms1939.44.555.IsikawaH.KonishiT.: Changes in serum immunoglobulin concentrations of young calves. Jpn J Vet Sci1982, 44, 555–563, doi: 10.1292/jvms1939.44.555.Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Jenkins S.J., Ruckerl D., Cook P.C., Jones L.H., Finkelman F.D., Rooijen N.V., MacDonald A.S., Allen J.E.: Local macrophage proliferation, rather than recruitment from the blood, is a signature of TH2 inflammation. Science 2011, 332, 1284–1288, doi: 10.1126/science.1204351.JenkinsS.J.RuckerlD.CookP.C.JonesL.H.FinkelmanF.D.RooijenN.V.MacDonaldA.S.AllenJ.E.: Local macrophage proliferation, rather than recruitment from the blood, is a signature of TH2 inflammation. Science2011, 332, 1284–1288, doi: 10.1126/science.1204351.Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Kato I., Endo K., Yokokura T.: Effect of oral administration of Lactobacillus casei on anti-tumor responses induced by tumor rejection in mice. Int Immunopharmacol 1994, 16, 29–36, doi: 10.1016/0192-0561(94)90116-3.KatoI.EndoK.YokokuraT.: Effect of oral administration of Lactobacillus casei on anti-tumor responses induced by tumor rejection in mice. Int Immunopharmacol1994, 16, 29–36, doi: 10.1016/0192-0561(94)90116-3.Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Kayasaki F., Okagawa T., Konnai S., Kohara J., Sajiki Y., Watari K., Ganbaatar O., Goto S., Nakamura H., Shimakura H., Minato E., Kobayashi A., Kubota M., Terasaki N., Takeda A., Noda H., Honma M., Maekawa N., Murata S., Ohashi K.: Direct evidence of the preventive effect of milk replacer-based probiotic feeding in calves against severe diarrhea. Vet Microbiol 2021, 254, 108976, doi: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2020.108976.KayasakiF.OkagawaT.KonnaiS.KoharaJ.SajikiY.WatariK.GanbaatarO.GotoS.NakamuraH.ShimakuraH.MinatoE.KobayashiA.KubotaM.TerasakiN.TakedaA.NodaH.HonmaM.MaekawaN.MurataS.OhashiK.: Direct evidence of the preventive effect of milk replacer-based probiotic feeding in calves against severe diarrhea. Vet Microbiol2021, 254, 108976, doi: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2020.108976.Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Gagea M.I., Bateman K.G., Dreumel T.V., McEwen B.J., Carman S., Archambault M., Shanahan R.A., Caswell J.L.: Diseases and pathogens associated with mortality in Ontario beef feedlots. J Vet Diagn Invest 2006, 18, 18–28, doi: 10.1177/104063870601800104.GageaM.I.BatemanK.G.DreumelT.V.McEwenB.J.CarmanS.ArchambaultM.ShanahanR.A.CaswellJ.L.: Diseases and pathogens associated with mortality in Ontario beef feedlots. J Vet Diagn Invest2006, 18, 18–28, doi: 10.1177/104063870601800104.Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Mojgani N., Shahali Y., Dadar M.: Immune modulatory capacity of probiotic lactic acid bacteria and applications in vaccine development. Benef Microbes 2020, 11, 213–226, doi: 10.3920/BM2019.0121.MojganiN.ShahaliY.DadarM.: Immune modulatory capacity of probiotic lactic acid bacteria and applications in vaccine development. Benef Microbes2020, 11, 213–226, doi: 10.3920/BM2019.0121.Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Mori K., Kato T., Yokota O., Ohtsuka H.: Field Trial of Primary and Booster Dose of Inactivated Vaccine Against Bovine Respiratory Bacteria in Young Holstein Calves. J Vet Res 2020, 64, 223–230, doi: 10.2478/jvetres-2020-0042.MoriK.KatoT.YokotaO.OhtsukaH.: Field Trial of Primary and Booster Dose of Inactivated Vaccine Against Bovine Respiratory Bacteria in Young Holstein Calves. J Vet Res2020, 64, 223–230, doi: 10.2478/jvetres-2020-0042.Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Nagai K., Otomaru K., Ogawa R., Oishi S., Wataya K., Honkawa Y., Iwamoto Y., Ando T., Hyakutake K., Shirahama H., Habiby G., Kubota C.: Effect of combined vaccination for Pasteurella multocida, Mannheimia haemolytica, and Histophilus somni to prevent respiratory diseases in young Japanese Black calves in the field. J Vet Med Sci 2019, 81, 1355–1358, doi: 10.1292/jvms.19-0256.NagaiK.OtomaruK.OgawaR.OishiS.WatayaK.HonkawaY.IwamotoY.AndoT.HyakutakeK.ShirahamaH.HabibyG.KubotaC.: Effect of combined vaccination for Pasteurella multocida, Mannheimia haemolytica, and Histophilus somni to prevent respiratory diseases in young Japanese Black calves in the field. J Vet Med Sci2019, 81, 1355–1358, doi: 10.1292/jvms.19-0256.Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Ohtsuka H., Kobayashi H., Kinouchi K., Kiyono M., Maeda Y.: Comparison of cytokine mRNA expression in peripheral CD4+, CD8+ and γδ T cells between healthy Holstein and Japanese Black calves. Anim Sci J 2014, 85, 575–580, doi: 10.1111/asj.12175.OhtsukaH.KobayashiH.KinouchiK.KiyonoM.MaedaY.: Comparison of cytokine mRNA expression in peripheral CD4+, CD8+ and γδ T cells between healthy Holstein and Japanese Black calves. Anim Sci J2014, 85, 575–580, doi: 10.1111/asj.12175.Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Ohtsuka H., Mukai M., Tanami E., Tokita M., Hashiba Y., Kohiruimaki M., Shibano K., Miura K., Morris S.: Relationship between diarrhea and peripheral leukocyte population in neonatal Japanese black calves. J Vet Med Sci 2011, 73, 1477–1479, doi: 10.1292/jvms.11-0152.OhtsukaH.MukaiM.TanamiE.TokitaM.HashibaY.KohiruimakiM.ShibanoK.MiuraK.MorrisS.: Relationship between diarrhea and peripheral leukocyte population in neonatal Japanese black calves. J Vet Med Sci2011, 73, 1477–1479, doi: 10.1292/jvms.11-0152.Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Ohtsuka H., Ono M., Saruyama Y., Mukai M., Kohiruimaki M., Kawamura S.: Comparison of the peripheral blood leukocyte population between Japanese Black and Holstein calves. Anim Sci J 2011, 82, 93–98, doi: 10.1111/j.1740-0929.2010.00833.x.OhtsukaH.OnoM.SaruyamaY.MukaiM.KohiruimakiM.KawamuraS.: Comparison of the peripheral blood leukocyte population between Japanese Black and Holstein calves. Anim Sci J2011, 82, 93–98, doi: 10.1111/j.1740-0929.2010.00833.x.Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Ohtsuka H., Watanabe C., Kohiruimaki M., Ando T., Watanabe D., Masui M., Hayashi T., Abe R., Koiwa M., Sato S., Kawamura S.: Comparison of two different nutritive conditions against the change in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of periparturient dairy cows. J Vet Med Sci 2006, 68, 1161–1166, doi: 10.1292/jvms.68.1161.OhtsukaH.WatanabeC.KohiruimakiM.AndoT.WatanabeD.MasuiM.HayashiT.AbeR.KoiwaM.SatoS.KawamuraS.: Comparison of two different nutritive conditions against the change in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of periparturient dairy cows. J Vet Med Sci2006, 68, 1161–1166, doi: 10.1292/jvms.68.1161.Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Ohtsuka H., Yamaguchi T., Maeda Y., Tomioka M., Tajima M.: Effect of administering activated lymphocytes originated from the dam on the immune cell reaction in Holstein calves. PJVS 2020, 23, 109–117, doi: 10.24425/pjvs.2020.132754.OhtsukaH.YamaguchiT.MaedaY.TomiokaM.TajimaM.: Effect of administering activated lymphocytes originated from the dam on the immune cell reaction in Holstein calves. PJVS2020, 23, 109–117, doi: 10.24425/pjvs.2020.132754.Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Otomaru K., Oishi S., Fujimura Y., Nagai K., Waki H.: 黒毛和種若齢子牛に対するPasteurella multocida, Mannheimia haemolytica, Histophilus somni 混合不活化ワクチンの呼吸器病予防効果 乙丸 孝之介, 大石 祥子, 藤村 裕, 永井 克尚, 脇 一志 (Effect of Pasteurella multocida, Mannheimia haemolytica, and Respiratory Disease in Young Japanese Black Calves in the Field (in Japanese). J Vet Med Associ 2021, 74, 127–131, doi: 10.12935/jvma.74.127.OtomaruK.OishiS.FujimuraY.NagaiK.WakiH.: 黒毛和種若齢子牛に対するPasteurella multocida, Mannheimia haemolytica, Histophilus somni 混合不活化ワクチンの呼吸器病予防効果 乙丸 孝之介, 大石 祥子, 藤村 裕, 永井 克尚, 脇 一志 (Effect of Pasteurella multocida, Mannheimia haemolytica, and Respiratory Disease in Young Japanese Black Calves in the Field (in Japanese).. J Vet Med Associ2021, 74, 127–131, doi: 10.12935/jvma.74.127.Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Panigrahi P., Parida S., Nanda N.C., Satpathy R., Pradhan L., Chandel D.S., Baccaglini L., Mohapatra A., Mohapatra S.S., Misra P.R., Chaudhry R., Chen H.H., Johnson J.A., Morris J.G., Paneth N., Gewolb I.H.: A randomized synbiotic trial to prevent sepsis among infants in rural India. Nature 2017, 548, 407–412, doi: 10.1038/nature23480.PanigrahiP.ParidaS.NandaN.C.SatpathyR.PradhanL.ChandelD.S.BaccagliniL.MohapatraA.MohapatraS.S.MisraP.R.ChaudhryR.ChenH.H.JohnsonJ.A.MorrisJ.G.PanethN.GewolbI.H.: A randomized synbiotic trial to prevent sepsis among infants in rural India. Nature2017, 548, 407–412, doi: 10.1038/nature23480.Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Penghao Z., Lulu H., En Z., Chen Y., Qian Y.: Oral administration of bacillus subtilis promotes homing of CD3+ T cells and IgA-secreting cells to the respiratory tract in piglets. Res Vet Sci 2021, 136, 310–317, doi: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2021.03.006.PenghaoZ.LuluH.EnZ.ChenY.QianY.: Oral administration of bacillus subtilis promotes homing of CD3+ T cells and IgA-secreting cells to the respiratory tract in piglets. Res Vet Sci2021, 136, 310–317, doi: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2021.03.006.Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Riollet C., Rainard P., Poutrel B.: Cell subpopulations and cytokine expression in cow milk in response to chronic Staphylococcus aureus infection. J Dairy Sci 2001, 84, 1077–1084, doi: 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(01)74568-7.RiolletC.RainardP.PoutrelB.: Cell subpopulations and cytokine expression in cow milk in response to chronic Staphylococcus aureus infection. J Dairy Sci2001, 84, 10771084, doi: 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(01)74568-7.Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Santos F.D.S., Ferreira M.R.A., Maubrigades L.R., Goncalves V.S., Lara A.P.S., Moreira C., Salvarani F.M., Conceicao F.R., Leite F.P.L.: Bacillus toyonensis BCT-7112T transient supplementation improves vaccine efficacy in ewes vaccinated against Clostridium perfringens epsilon toxin. J Appl Mic 2021, 130, 699–706, doi: 10.1111/jam.14814.SantosF.D.S.FerreiraM.R.A.MaubrigadesL.R.GoncalvesV.S.LaraA.P.S.MoreiraC.SalvaraniF.M.ConceicaoF.R.LeiteF.P.L.: Bacillus toyonensis BCT-7112T transient supplementation improves vaccine efficacy in ewes vaccinated against Clostridium perfringens epsilon toxin. J Appl Mic2021, 130, 699–706, doi: 10.1111/jam.14814.Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Schaltz-Buchholzer F., Toldi G.: The association between parental and neonatal BCG vaccination and neonatal T helper 17 cell expansion. Vaccine 2022, 40, 1799–1804, doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.02.007.Schaltz-BuchholzerF.ToldiG.: The association between parental and neonatal BCG vaccination and neonatal T helper 17 cell expansion. Vaccine2022, 40, 1799–1804, doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.02.007.Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Snowder G.D., Vleck L.D.V., Cundiff L.V., Bennett G.L.: Bovine respiratory disease in feedlot cattle: environmental, genetic, and economic factors. J Anim Sci 2006, 84, 1999–2008, doi: 10.2527/jas.2006-046.SnowderG.D.VleckL.D.V.CundiffL.V.BennettG.L.: Bovine respiratory disease in feedlot cattle: environmental, genetic, and economic factors. J Anim Sci2006, 84, 1999–2008, doi: 10.2527/jas.2006-046.Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Tanemoto S., Sujino T., Kanai T.: Intestinal immune response is regulated by gut microbe (in Japanese). J Clin Immunol 2017, 40, 408–415, doi: 10.2177/jsci.40.408.TanemotoS.SujinoT.KanaiT.: Intestinal immune response is regulated by gut microbe (in Japanese). J Clin Immunol2017, 40, 408–415, doi: 10.2177/jsci.40.408.Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Uyeno Y., Shigemori S., Shimosato T.: Effect of Probiotics/Prebiotics on Cattle Health and Productivity. Microbes Environ 2015, 30, 126–132, doi: 10.1264/jsme2.ME14176.UyenoY.ShigemoriS.ShimosatoT.: Effect of Probiotics/Prebiotics on Cattle Health and Productivity. Microbes Environ2015, 30, 126–132, doi: 10.1264/jsme2.ME14176.Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Volpe E., Servant N., Zollinger R., Bogiatzi S.I., Hupe P., Barillot E., Soumelis V.: A critical function for transforming growth factor-beta, interleukin 23 and proinflammatory cytokines in driving and modulating human T(H)-17 responses. Nat Immunol 2008, 9, 650–657, doi: 10.1038/ni.1613.VolpeE.ServantN.ZollingerR.BogiatziS.I.HupeP.BarillotE.SoumelisV.: A critical function for transforming growth factor-beta, interleukin 23 and proinflammatory cytokines in driving and modulating human T(H)-17 responses. Nat Immunol2008, 9, 650–657, doi: 10.1038/ni.1613.Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Wilson R.A., Zolnai A., Rudas P., Frenyo L.V.: T-cell subsets in blood and lymphoid tissues obtained from fetal calves, maturing calves, and adult bovine. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 1996, 53, 49–60, doi: 10.1016/0165-2427(95)05543-6.WilsonR.A.ZolnaiA.RudasP.FrenyoL.V.: T-cell subsets in blood and lymphoid tissues obtained from fetal calves, maturing calves, and adult bovine. Vet Immunol Immunopathol1996, 53, 49–60, doi: 10.1016/0165-2427(95)05543-6.Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Woolums A.R., Berghaus R.D., Berghaus L.J., Ellis R.W., Pence M.E., Saliki J.T., Hurley K.A.E., Galland K.L., Burdett W.W., Nordstrom S.T., Hurley D.J.: Effect of calf age and administration route of initial multivalent modified-live virus vaccine on humoral and cell-mediated immune responses following subsequent administration of a booster vaccination at weaning in beef calves. Am J Vet Res 2013, 74, 343–354, doi: 10.2460/ajvr.74.2.343.WoolumsA.R.BerghausR.D.BerghausL.J.EllisR.W.PenceM.E.SalikiJ.T.HurleyK.A.E.GallandK.L.BurdettW.W.NordstromS.T.HurleyD.J.: Effect of calf age and administration route of initial multivalent modified-live virus vaccine on humoral and cell-mediated immune responses following subsequent administration of a booster vaccination at weaning in beef calves. Am J Vet Res2013, 74, 343–354, doi: 10.2460/ajvr.74.2.343.Open DOISearch in Google Scholar