Effect of probiotics on immune cells in young Japanese Black calves responding to vaccination against bacterial respiratory diseases
Shogo Takeda
- Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro University of AgricultureObihiro-shi, Hokkaido, Japan
- Hidaka C.L.CNiikappu-cho, Hokkaido, Japan
Orcid profile, Hiromichi Ohtsuka
Orcid profile and Keigo Kosenda
Orcid profile 
Published Online: Mar 25, 2025
Page range: 27 - 33
Received: Jul 31, 2024
Accepted: Mar 17, 2025
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/jvetres-2025-0013
Keywords
© 2025 Shogo Takeda et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Introduction
The vaccination against bacterial respiratory diseases in calves has been generally recognised as useful for the prevention of infections. Inducing an immunological response after vaccination is important for obtaining protection from infections. The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of probiotics on the immunological response to vaccination against bacterial respiratory diseases in young Japanese Black calves.
Material and Methods
Twenty-four Japanese Black calves were randomly divided into two groups (12 calves for the research group and 12 calves for the control group) on the seventh day of life (dol). The research group received 30 g per day of live bacteria mix consisting of
Results
Lymphocyte counts, T cell (CD3+, CD4+ and CD8+ cell) counts and relative expressions of cytokine genes (interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-17A) at 45, 49 and 63 dol were significantly higher in the research group compared than in the control group.
Conclusion
The addition of probiotics to young Japanese Black calves’ feed promoted an immunological reaction to vaccination against bacterial respiratory diseases.