This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Alergenne A., Faurie C., Raymond M. Are parents’ perceptions of offspring facial resemblance consistent with actual resemblance? Effects on parental investment. Evol. Hum. Behav. 2010; 31, 7–15. doi: 10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2009.09.002Search in Google Scholar
Alvergne A., Faurie C., Raymond M. Father–offspring resemblance predicts paternal investment in humans. Anim. Behav. 2009; 78, 61–69. doi: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2009.03.019Search in Google Scholar
Antfolk J, Karlsson M, Bäckström A i wsp. Disgust elicited by third-party incest: the roles of biological relatedness, co-residence, and family relationship. Evol. Hum. Behav. 2012; 33(3): 217–223. doi.org/10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2011.09.005Search in Google Scholar
Antfolk J, Lieberman D, Santtila P. Fitness costs predict inbreeding aversion irrespective of self-involvement: support for hypotheses derived from evolutionary theory. PLoS One. 2012;7(11):e50613. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0050613Search in Google Scholar
Aoki K. Avoidance and prohibition of brother–sister sex in humans. Population Ecology 2004; 47(1): 13–19Search in Google Scholar
Aoki K., Ihara Y., Feldman M.W. Conditions for the spread of culturally transmitted costly punishment of sib mating. W: M. J. Brown (Ed.), Explaining culture scientifically, str. 100-116. Seattle: University of Washington Press, 2008Search in Google Scholar
Apicella C.L., Marlowe, F.W. Perceived mate fidelity and paternal resemblance predict men’s investment in children. Evol. Hum. Behav. 2004; 25, 371–378. doi: 10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2004.06.003Search in Google Scholar
Becker April M. The flight of the locus of selection: Some intricate relationships between evolutionary elements, Behavioural Processes 2019; 161: 31–44. doi.org/10.1016/j.beproc.2018.01.002Search in Google Scholar
Beecher M.D. Kin recognition in birds. Behavior Genetics 1988; 18, 465–482. doi:10.1007/BF01065515Search in Google Scholar
Billingsley J., Antfolk J., Santtila P. i wsp. Cues to paternity: do partner fidelity and offspring resemblance predict daughter-directed sexual aversions? Evol. Hum. Behav. 2018; 39, 290–299. doi: 10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2018.02.001Search in Google Scholar
Bittles AH, Neel JV. The costs of human inbreeding and their implications for variations at the DNA level. Nature Genetics 1994; 8: 117–121Search in Google Scholar
Bressan P., Bertamini M., Nalli A. i wsp. Men do not have a stronger preference than women for self-resemblant child faces. Arch. Sex. Behav. 2009; 38, 657–664. doi: 10.1007/s10508-008-9350-0Search in Google Scholar
Bushnell O.A. The Gifts of Civilization: Germs and Genocide in Hawai’i. Honolulu, University of Hawaii Press, 1993Search in Google Scholar
Buss D. Evolutionary Psychology: The New Science of the Mind, wyd. 4. London: Psychology Press. 2014Search in Google Scholar
Buss D.M., Larsen R.J., Westen D. i wsp. Sex differences in jealousy: evolution, physiology, and psychology. Psychol. Sci. 1992; 3, 251–255. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-9280.1992.tb00038.x.Search in Google Scholar
Carando J. Hawaiian Royal Incest. Transatlantica: Revue d’Études Américaines. 2021. doi. org/10.4000/transatlantica.525Search in Google Scholar
Cassedy J.H., Bushnell O.A.. The Gifts of Civilization: Germs and Genocide in Hawai’i Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press. The American Historical Review 1995, 100: 5: 1676–1677, doi. org/10.1086/ahr/100.5.1676.Search in Google Scholar
Charlesworth D., Willis J.H. The genetics of inbreeding depression. Nature Reviews Genetics 2009; 10, 783–796. doi:10.1038/nrg2664Search in Google Scholar
Cooper, John M. Incest Prohibitions in Primitive Culture. Primitive Man, 1932; 5, 1:1–20Search in Google Scholar
Darwin C., Bynum W.F. The origin of species by means of natural selection: or, the preservation of favored races in the struggle for life (p. 458). New York: AL Burt. 2009Search in Google Scholar
DarwinC.R.On the origin of species by means of natural selection, or the preservation of favoured races in the struggle for life. London: John Murray. 1859Search in Google Scholar
DeBruine L.M. Trustworthy but not lust-worthy: Context-specific effects of facial resemblance. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, 2005; 272, 919–922. doi:10.1098/rspb.2004.3003Search in Google Scholar
DeMause, L. The universality of incest. The Journal of Psychohistory 1991; 19(2), 1-20Search in Google Scholar
Durand V.M., Barlow, D.H. Essentials of Abnormal Psychology, 6th Edn. Boston, MA: Cengage Learning. 2012Search in Google Scholar
El Guindi F., Read D. Westermarck hypothesis reconsidered: A comment onKushnick and Fessler. Current Anthropology, 2012; 53 (1): 134-135Search in Google Scholar
Ene C., Burtăverde V., Jonason P. i wsp. Fathers high in psychopathy invest more in offspring who resemble them. Personality and Individual Differences 159 (2020): 109879Search in Google Scholar
Fergusson D.M., McLeod G.F., Horwood L.J. Childhood sexual abuse and adult developmental outcomes: Findings from a 30-year longitudinal study in New Zealand. Child Abuse & Neglect 2013; 37: 664–674. doi:10.1016/j.chiabu. 2013.03.013Search in Google Scholar
Fessler DMT, Navarrete CD. Third-party attitudes toward sibling incest Evidence for Westermarck’ s hypotheses. Evolution and Human Behavior 2004; 25: 277–294Search in Google Scholar
Gaulin S.J.C., Schlegel A. Paternal confidence and paternal investment – a cross-cultural test of a sociobiological hypothesis. Ethol. Sociobiol. 1980; 1: 301–309. doi: 10.1016/0162-3095(80)90015-1Search in Google Scholar
Grammer K.F., Bernhard N.N. Human pheromones and sexual attraction. European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology. 2005; 118 (2): 135–142. doi:10.1016/j.ejogrb.2004.08.010Search in Google Scholar
Haig D. Asymetric Relations: Internal Conflicts and the Horror of Incest. Evolution and Human Behavior 1999; 20: 83–98Search in Google Scholar
Hamilton WD. The genitical evolution of social behaviour. I. J Theor Biol. 1964; 7(1):1-16. doi: 10.1016/0022-5193(64)90038-4Search in Google Scholar
Havlicek J, Roberts SC, Flegr J. Women’s preference for dominant male odour: effects of menstrual cycle and relationship status. Biol Lett. 2005;1(3):256-9. doi: 10.1098/rsbl.2005.0332Search in Google Scholar
Heijkoop M., Semon Dubas J., van Aken M.A. Parent–child resemblance and kin investment: physical resemblance or personality similarity? Eur. J. Dev. Psychol. 2009; 6, 64–69. doi: 10.1080/17405620802642306Search in Google Scholar
Herz R.S., Inzlicht M. Sex differences in response to physical and social factors involved in human mate selection. Evol. Hum. Behav.2002; 23 (5): 359–364. doi:10.1016/S1090-5138(02)00095-8Search in Google Scholar
Heth G., Todrank J., Johnston R.E. Similarity in the qualities of individual odors among kin and species in Turkish (Mesocricetus brandti) and golden (Mesocricetus auratus) hamsters. Journal of Comparative Psychology, 1999; 113, 321–326Search in Google Scholar
Kenrick D.T., Griskevicius V., Neuberg S.L. i wsp. Renovating the pyramid of needs contemporary extensions built upon ancient foundations. Perspect. Psychol. Sci. 2010; 5, 292–314. doi: 10.1177/1745691610369469Search in Google Scholar
Koh K.B., Lee, B.K. Reduced lymphocyte proliferation and interleukin-2 production in anxiety disorders. Psychosom. Med. 1998; 60, 479–483. doi: 10.1097/00006842-199807000-00015Search in Google Scholar
Kresanov P, Kotler J, Seto M. i wsp. Intergenerational incest aversion: self-reported sexual arousal and disgust to hypothetical sexual contact with family members. Evolution and Human Behavior. 2018;39(6):664-674. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2018.06.008Search in Google Scholar
Kring A.M., Johnson S., Davison, G.C. i wsp. Abnormal Psychology, wyd. 12. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley. 2013Search in Google Scholar
Kumar s. Pai RA. Swaminathan MS. Consanguincous marriages and the genetic load due to Iethal genes in Kerala. Ann Humn Genet 1967; 31:141-5.Search in Google Scholar
Lieberman D., Tooby J., Cosmides L. The architecture of human kin detection. Nature 2007; 445, 727–731. doi:10.1038/nature05510Search in Google Scholar
Lumsden C.J., Wilson E.O. Gene-culture translation in the avoidance of sibling incest. Proceedings of The National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 1980; 77(10), 6248-6250Search in Google Scholar
Mace D. i V. Marriage: East and West. Garden City, New York: Doubleday & Co., 1959Search in Google Scholar
Mahmut MK, Croy I. The role of body odors and olfactory ability in the initiation, maintenance and breakdown of romantic relationships – A review, Physiology & Behavior, 2019; 207:179-184Search in Google Scholar
Marshall J. AR. What is inclusive fitness theory, and what is it for?, Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences, 2016; 12: 103–108. doi.org/10.1016/j.cobeha.2016.09.015Search in Google Scholar
Masters R.E.L., Patterns of Incest A Psycho-social Study of Incest, Based on Clinical and Historic Data. New York: Ace Books. 1970Search in Google Scholar
McCabe J. FBD marriage: Further support for the Westermarck hypothesis. American Anthropologist 1983; 85, 50-69Search in Google Scholar
McGee W.J., ‘The Beginning of Marriage. American Anthropologist, 1899, 1, 4: 646-674. doi. org/10.1525/aa.1899.1.4.02a00040Search in Google Scholar
Morgan L., Tooker E. The Structure of the Iroquois League: Lewis H. Morgan’s Research and Observations. Ethnohistory, 1983; 30(3), 141-154. doi:10.2307/481022Search in Google Scholar
Nak-Eon Choi; Jung H. Han. How Flavor Works: The Science of Taste and Aroma. John Wiley & Sons. 2015Search in Google Scholar
Noble M., Mason J.K. Incest. Journal of medical ethics, 1978; 4(2): 64-70. doi: 10.1136/jme.4.2.64Search in Google Scholar
Obeyesekere G., The Cult of the Goddess Pattini. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1984Search in Google Scholar
Palau-Marti M.. Cazeneuve J.. Sociologie du rite (tabou, magie, sacré). In: Revue de l’histoire des religions, 1971; 184, 1,. s. 110Search in Google Scholar
Prokop P., Fančovičová J. Mothers are less disgust sensitive than childless females, Personality and Individual Differences, Personality and Individual Differences 2016; 96(3):65-69. doi:10.1016/j. paid.2016.02.064Search in Google Scholar
Prokosch M.L., Airington Z., Murray D.R.. Investigating the relationship between olfactory acuity, disgust, and mating strategies, Evolution and Human Behavior, 2021; 42, 2:113-120Search in Google Scholar
Radha Rama Devi A, Rao NA, Bittles AH. Inbreeding in the state of Karnataka, South India. Hum Hered. 1982; 32(1):8-10. doi: 10.1159/000153252Search in Google Scholar
Rantala M.J., Marcinkowska U.M. The role of sexual imprinting and the Westermarck Effect in mate choice in humans. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, 2011; 65,859-873Search in Google Scholar
Rao P.S.S. Inharaj S.G. Inbreeding in Tamil Nadu. South India. Soc Biol 1977:24:281-8Search in Google Scholar
Read D.W. Incest taboos and kinship: a biological or a cultural story? Reviews in Anthropology, 2014; 43(2), 150-175. doi: 10.1080/00938157.2014.903151Search in Google Scholar
Roberts, R., O’Connor, T., Dunn, J. i wsp. The effects of child sexual abuse in later family life: Mental health, parenting and adjustment of offspring. Child Abuse & Neglect, 2004; 28, 525–545. doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2003.07.006Search in Google Scholar
Robertson A.F. International Encyclopedia of the Social & Roberts, R., O’Connor, T., Dunn, J. i wsp. The effects of child sexual abuse in later family life: Mental health, parenting and adjustment of offspring. Child Abuse & Neglect, 2004; 28, 525–545. doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2003.07.006Behavioral Sciences, 2001Search in Google Scholar
Sanghvi LD. Inbreeding in rural areas of Andhra Priadesh. Inidiaui J GeCeet 1966; 26A: 351-65Search in Google Scholar
Seemanovà E. A study of children of incestuous matings. Prague Human Heredity, 1971; 21, 1085–1128. doi:10.1159/000152391Search in Google Scholar
Shackelford T.K., Buss D.M., Bennett K. Forgiveness or breakup: sex differences in responses to a partner’s infidelity. Cogn. Emotion 2002; 16, 299–307. doi: 10.1080/02699930143000202.Search in Google Scholar
Shepher J. Mate selection among second-generation kibbutz adolescents and adults:Incest avoidance and negative imprinting. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 1971; 1, 293-307Search in Google Scholar
Spehr M., Kelliher K.R., Li X.H. i wsp. Essential role of the main olfactory system in social recognition of major histocompatibility complex peptide ligands. J Neurosci. 2006; 26(7): 1961-70. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4939-05.2006Search in Google Scholar
Stevenson R. The Psychology of Flavour, Oxford, 2009; online ed, Oxford Academic, 2010Search in Google Scholar
Stoltenborgh M., Bakermans-Kranenburg M.J., van IJzendoorn M.H. i wsp. Cultural–geographical differences in the occurrence of child physical abuse? A meta-analysis of global prevalence. International Journal of Psychology, 2013; 48:81–94. doi:10.1080/00207594.2012.697165Search in Google Scholar
Stoltenborgh, M., van IJzendoorn, M. H., Euser, E. M. i wsp. A global perspective on child sexual abuse: Meta-analysis of prevalence around the world. Child Maltreatment, 2011; 16, 79–101. doi:10.1177/1077559511403920Search in Google Scholar
Stroebel S.S., O’Keefe S.L., Beard K i wsp.–daughter incest: Data from an anonymous computerized survey. Journal of Child Sexual Abuse, 2012; 21, 176–199. doi:10.1080/10538712.2012.654007Search in Google Scholar
Stubbs B., Koyanagi A., Hallgren M. i wsp. Physical activity and anxiety: a perspective from the World Health Survey. J. Affect. Disord. 2017; 208, 545–552. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2016.10.028Search in Google Scholar
Thomas W.I. The Relation of Sex to Primitive Social Control, American Journal of Sociology 1898; 3: 754-76Search in Google Scholar
Tidefors I., Arvidsson H., Ingevaldson s. i wsp. Sibling incest: a literature review and a clinical study. Journal of Sexual Aggression: An international, interdisciplinary forum for research, theory and practice, 2010; 16(3), 347-360. doi: 10.1080/13552600903511667Search in Google Scholar
Tooby J. Pathogens, polymorphism, and the evolution of sex. Journal of Theoretical Biology 1982; 97: 557–576Search in Google Scholar
Trivers R. Parental investment and sexual selection. Natural Selection and Social Theory: Selected Papers of Robert Trivers. New York: International University Press. 1972Search in Google Scholar
Tybur J.M., Inbar Y., Güler E., Molho C. Is the relationship between pathogen avoidance and ideological conservatism explained by sexual strategies?,Evolution and Human Behavior, 2015; 36,6: 489-497. doi.org/10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2015.01.006Search in Google Scholar
Vincent G.E. “The Development of Sociology.” W:Howard J. Rogers (ed) Congress of Arts and Sciences, Universal Exposition, St. Louis, 5: 800, 1904Search in Google Scholar
Volk A., Quinsey V.L. Parental investment and resemblance: Replications, refinements, and revisions. Evolutionary Psychology, 2007; 5, 1–14. doi:10.1177/v147470490700500101Search in Google Scholar
Walter A. From Westermarck’s Effect to Fox’s Law: paradox and principle in the relationship between incest taboos and exogamy. Social Science Information. 2000;39(3):467-488. doi:10.1177/053901800039003007Search in Google Scholar
Westermarck E. The history of human marriage, wyd 5. .London: Macmillan. 1922Search in Google Scholar
Westermarck E. The History of Human Marriage. wyd. 1. New York, Macmillan. 1891; 18, 444: 80. doi: 10.1126/science.ns-18.444.80-bSearch in Google Scholar
Wolf A., Durham W.L. Inbreeding, incest, and the Incest taboo: the state of knowledge at the turn of the century. California, CA: Stanford University Press. 2004Search in Google Scholar
Wolf, A.P. Incest avoidance and the incest taboos: Two aspects of human nature. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press. 2014Search in Google Scholar
Wolf, A.P. Sexual attraction and childhood association: A Chinese brief for Edward Westermarck. Stanford: Stanford University Press. 1995Search in Google Scholar
Wolf, A.P. Westermarck redivius. Annual Review of Anthropology, 1993; 22,157-175Search in Google Scholar
Yu Q., Guo Y., Zhang L. i wsp. More Similar,the Healthier: The Effect of Perceived Parent-Child Facial Resemblance on Parental Physical Health.Front. Psychol. 2019; 9:2739.doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02739Search in Google Scholar
Yu Q., Zhang Q., Chen J. i wsp. The effect of perceived parent–child facial resemblance on parents’ trait anxiety: the moderating effect of parents’ gender. Front. Psychol. 2016; 7:658. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00658Search in Google Scholar
Yu Q., Zhang Q., Jin s. i wsp. The effect of perceived facial resemblance on parent-child relationship. Pers. Individ. Differ. 2017; 116, 359–365. doi: 10.1016/j.paid.2017.05.016Search in Google Scholar